Abstract: Perca fluviatilis is a kind of high-quality commercial fish which distributes only in Aletai district of Xinjiang in China.To protect and develop this limited resources rationally,genetic diversity and genetic structure of five wild populations of P.fluviatilis from Irtysh-Wulungu river system were investigated based on mtDNA control region sequences.The results of PCR-SSCP analysis indicated that there were 18 haplotypes distributed in five populations of 100 individuals.After these haplotypes were cloned and sequenced,thirteen haplotypes were identified,fourteen variable sites were detected which accout for 1.60% of total sequence.The P.fluviatilis populations showed a high haplotype diversity（0.942±0.034） and a relatively lower nucleotide diversity（0.00242±0.00450）.Tajima’s and Fu and Li’s D index showed that genetic differentiation among P.fluviatilis populations was not significant（P〉0.1）,population structure of P.fluviatilis was stable.There was a gene flow among YBW,BEJH and LSW populations to some extent（Nm〉1）,while the level of gene flow between WLGH population and other populations was low,there was a risk of differentiation due to genetic drift.Sequence difference of five populations was 0.003 which revealed a low level genetic diversity.

Key words: Perca fluviatilis, control region, genetic diversity, genetic structure