哲罗鱼和大麻哈鱼消化系统的比较解剖分析

›› 2012, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (3): 26-30.

哲罗鱼和大麻哈鱼消化系统的比较解剖分析

关海红,尹家胜

中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨,150070

收稿日期:2012-03-15 出版日期:2012-03-15 发布日期:2012-03-15
通讯作者: 关海红

Comparative Anatomy of Digestive System in Taimen(Hucho taimen) and Chum Salmon(Oncorhynchus keta)

Received:2012-03-15 Online:2012-03-15 Published:2012-03-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 解剖观察了哲罗鱼（Hucho taimen）和大麻哈鱼（Oncorhynchus keta Walbaum）的消化系统,描述了与摄食有关的齿、舌、鳃耙、胃、幽门盲囊、肝、胰脏、胆囊的形态特征;测量了体长、头长、吻长、口裂宽、口腔长,食道长、胃长、肠长、消化道长;计算了有关比值。结果表明：这二种鲑科鱼类的消化道具有典型的肉食性鱼类的特点,口裂较大,口咽腔长/头长为0.62～0.71,肠较短,肠长/体长为0.69,食道、胃、肠壁内突形成明显的粘膜皱褶。具有独立而发达的肝脏和胰腺。文中讨论了消化道分段及摄食习性与消化系统形态结构特点之间的关系。

关键词: 大麻哈鱼, 哲罗鱼, 消化系统, 解剖, 食性分析

Abstract: The comparative morphological characteristics of teeth,tongue,gill rakers,stomach,pyloric caeca,liver,pancreas,and gallbladder were described in adult taimen(Hucho taimen) and chum salmon(Oncorhynchus keta).The body length,head length,snout length,mouth breadth,mouth length,and the lengths of esophagus,stomach,intestine and digestive tract were measured and some relevant ratios were calculated in both taimen and chum salmon.The results showed that the taimen and chum salmon had typical digestive tract characteristics of the carnivorous fish including big mouth,a ratio of oropharyngeal length to head length=0.62~0.71,and short intestine with intestinal length / body length =0.69.The clear mucosal folds were observed in the inner process of esophagus,stomach and intestinal walls.A separate and developed liver and pancreas was found and the relationships between section of the digestive tract,the feeding habits and morphological characteristics of the digestive system were discussed.

Key words: Hucho taimen, Oncorhynchus keta, digestive system, anatomy, food habit analysis

中图分类号:

Q954.52

关海红;尹家胜. 哲罗鱼和大麻哈鱼消化系统的比较解剖分析[J]. , 2012, 25(3): 26-30.

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