Abstract: Cold water Salmonids as a global culture fish are characterized by high quality flesh,high protein and unsaturated fat acids contents,no intermuscular bones,and easy to be processed,and particularly,Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar),rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss) and charrs are the important object of aquatic breeding and genetics research.The past and current research status of the genetics and breeding of salmonid species are briefly described,and the advances in genetic parameters estimation of economic traits,selective breeding,molecular genetics and marker assisted breeding in salmonid species are introduced in this paper.Some suggestions are made for future directions and priorities of genetics and breeding of salmonid species to provide new ideas for the study and researchers in the field of aquatic breeding and genetics.

Key words: Salmonid, genetic parameter, selective breeding, molecular genetics, marker assisted breeding